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个人意义增强

个人意义增强(也称为异常显著性)是指无害的情境和巧合被赋予显著提高的个人意义感的体验。它最常在中度剂量的致幻化合物作用下产生,例如迷幻剂、解离剂、大麻素和谵妄剂。

个人意义增强(也称为异常显著性)是指对无害的情境和巧合赋予明显增强的个人重要感的体验。123456 例如,一个人可能感到一首歌的歌词或一部电影中的情节以一种有意义且独特的方式直接关系到自己的生活,而这种感受在日常清醒状态下通常不会出现。即使理性上明白外部刺激并不真正以如此直接的方式与体验者相关,这种感觉仍可能持续出现。

在该效应的最高层级,它常常会与妄想产生协同作用,使人真正相信无关紧要的事件与自己直接相关。1例如,一个人可能开始相信某部电影的情节是在讲述自己的人生,或者某首歌是为他们而写的。这种现象在精神病学中已得到充分确认,通常被称为"关系妄想"89。

个人意义增强最常在中度剂量的致幻化合物作用下产生,例如迷幻剂23、解离剂1、大麻素6和谵妄剂。不过,它也可以在睡眠剥夺和兴奋剂精神病性障碍的作用下出现。7

参考文献

参见

外部链接

  1. 妄想性联想(Wikipedia)

引用

  1. Corlett, P. R., Honey, G. D., Aitken, M. R., Dickinson, A., Shanks, D. R., Absalom, A. R., ... & Robbins, T. W. (2006). Frontal responses during learning predict vulnerability to the psychotogenic effects of ketamine: linking cognition, brain activity, and psychosis. Archives of general psychiatry, 63(6), 611-621.
  2. Preller, K. H., Herdener, M., Pokorny, T., Planzer, A., Kraehenmann, R., Stämpfli, P., ... & Vollenweider, F. X. (2017). The fabric of meaning and subjective effects in LSD-induced states depend on serotonin 2A receptor activation. Current Biology, 27(3), 451-457.
  3. Carhart-Harris, R. L., Muthukumaraswamy, S., Roseman, L., Kaelen, M., Droog, W., Murphy, K., ... & Leech, R. (2016). Neural correlates of the LSD experience revealed by multimodal neuroimaging. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(17), 4853-4858.
  4. Kapur, S. (2003). Psychosis as a state of aberrant salience: a framework linking biology, phenomenology, and pharmacology in schizophrenia. American journal of Psychiatry, 160(1), 13-23.
  5. Roiser, J. P., Howes, O. D., Chaddock, C. A., Joyce, E. M., & McGuire, P. (2012). Neural and behavioral correlates of aberrant salience in individuals at risk for psychosis. Schizophrenia bulletin, 39(6), 1328-1336.
  6. Murray, R. M., Morrison, P. D., Henquet, C., & Di Forti, M. (2007). Cannabis, the mind and society: the hash realities. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 8(11), 885.
  7. Bowers, M. B., & Freedman, D. X. (1966). Psychedelic experiences in acute psychoses. Archives of General Psychiatry, 15(3), 240-248.
  8. Sedler, M. J. (1995). Understanding delusions. Psychiatric Clinics, 18(2), 251-262.
  9. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.), 819. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
贡献者:Josie·Kaylee·Graham